Вариант 27
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждую букву, обозначающую утверждение, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в поле справа.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
1. Giving a present is a way to make contacts.
2. It is important to overcome language and cultural gap.
3. Try to work without mediator.
4. Personal presence is required.
5. The first order doesn’t usually come quickly.
6. You should be polite and understand without words.
7. Business in eastern countries differ from the western one.
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений A—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Вы услышите запись дважды.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
A. Tracy is sure that the international language should be Esperanto.
B. Sam doesn’t think that choosing English as a global language is fair.
C. Tracy believes that Esperanto and European languages are alike.
D. Tracy isn’t sure that culture and language are related.
E. Political conflicts happen when people use new words.
F. English speakers can use the vast size of the knowledge base.
G. Chinese is used to borrowing different terms.
What is Mary nostalgic about?
1) She misses her motherland India and people who live there.
2) She is nostalgic about her school years and Indian festivals.
3) She misses the atmosphere of her university life.
How does Mary characterize her feelings?
1) Mary doesn’t miss anything about India.
2) Магу would like to find restaurants that cater to all her nostalgic tastes.
3) She would like to buy Mangoes of South India and the Amla fruit in the USA.
Describing her attitude towards Indian traditions Mary says that...
1) she moved to the USA when she was a little child.
2) she moved to the USA when she was 15.
3) she was bom in the USA.
Speaking about India Mary says that...
1) she travels to India very often.
2) she travels to India once every three years.
3) she has her Indian relatives visit them but she has never gone to India.
According to Mary...
1) progress means people understand their culture better.
2) progress means people travel more.
3) progress means people get richer.
Mary thinks that...
1) people’s lifestyle has changed greatly in India.
2) there is a huge gap between cultures in India.
3) young people don’t like to make money.
Mary doesn’t like ...
1) when people visit their relatives and celebrate together too often.
2) when people always wear their traditional clothes in India.
3) the people’s attitude towards national holidays.
Раздел 2. Чтение
1. Hidden threat
2. Physiological peculiarities
3. Proper care and upbringing
4. A clever guide
5. Internal and individual bonds
6. Unexpected help
7. Good doctors
8. Long history of friendship
A. Hardy Jones was filming dolphins near the Bahamas when a shark suddenly appeared. The shark was moving straight towards Jones, preparing to attack. Jones put his camera in front of him for protection. Then something remarkable happened. Two young dolphins swam quickly past his left shoulder towards the shark. Then two more young dolphins joined them and they all began attacking the shark. They worked as a team and finally, the shark gave up and swam away.
B. In ancient times, there were many amazing stories about dolphins coming to the rescue of sailors at the sea. In ancient Greece, sailors considered it to be a very good omen when dolphins appeared alongside their ships. Until recently, there have not been many scientifically proven cases of dolphins’ altruism and helping humans. But we now know that Jones’s experience is certainly not an isolated example.
C. Once in New Zealand the lifeguards were swimming as a part of a training exercise when a group of dolphins appeared. At first, the lifeguards were pleased to see them. But then they became puzzled as the dolphins surrounded them, forming a circle. The lifeguards felt threatened: they were trapped, unable to swim back to shore. One of the lifeguards managed to swim away. But almost immediately, he saw the great white shark.
D. Scientists are not completely sure why dolphins often protect other species. Certainly, this kind of behaviour shows that dolphins have great powers of empathy, which is a sign of imagination and intelligence. Dolphins have large brains and complex nervous systems. They are capable of learning complex tasks. They have an understanding of their own identity (they recognize themselves in a mirror) and the individual identity of other dolphins.
E. Dolphins live in groups, known as pods. These groups vary in size, depending on the species. Some are quite small, consisting of about 5 individuals. Other groups may consist of a few hundred individuals. As social animals, dolphins have developed the ability to help one another and to care for family and ‘friends’. Several generations of females in the same family often swim together. Male dolphins don’t stay with their mothers but they also form social groups.
F. Mother dolphins show particular care for their calves (baby dolphins). Scientists have observed how they sometimes bite their new-born calves to stimulate them to breathe. Mother dolphins also try to teach their calves to avoid danger. For example, scientists recently saw a mother dolphin near the coast of Scotland throw her young calf into the air. They believe that the mother was ’punishing’ the baby for having swum too far away from her.
G. Dolphins not only care for one another, they also help other sea creatures. In New Zealand two whales, a mother and a calf, were stuck on a beach at low tide. When the tide came in, the whales seemed lost and couldn’t find their way to deep water. Then a dolphin appeared. This dolphin was a frequent visitor to the bay. Local people had given the dolphin the name Moko. At high tide, Moko swam towards the whales and showed them how to get out to deep water.
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке лишняя.
1. which may immediately create a negative stereotype in the employer’s mind
2. the name they were born with to a more glamorous one
3. choose names for your children which they will be happy later
4. that our name can have a direct eff ect on our personal happiness
5. were working harder to overcome negative attitudes towards their name
6. people associate a particular name with a stereotyped image
7. then compared their exam marks
“What’s in a name?,” asked Shakespeare’s Juliet. “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet,” she concluded; in other words that the name of a person is irrelevant. However, research by psychologists suggests A_______________.
Having a popular name, it seems, can make other people think you are intelligent and attractive even before they have met you. This is because, according to psychologist Dr Philip Erwin, В__________________.
However, having an unpopular name can have the opposite effect. “It can even affect your employment prospects,” says Dr Erwin. “Employers usually make up their mind within two minutes of a job interview. Part of that process is reading an applicant’s name on the CV, C_______________.”
As a result, according to Dr Erwin, people with less attractive names tend to work harder to get on in life. As part of his research, he rated the first names of 68 psychology students for attractiveness, and D_________________. He found that students with unpopular, oldfashioned names did significantly better (an average of more than 3 % higher marks). This suggested that they were aware that they had an unattractive name, and E_______________________ .
Names are considered to be “less attractive” or “more attractive”. Actors and pop stars certainly seem to take this into account and it is quite common for them to change F______________________. In the last ten years there has been a definite tendency among British parents to choose unusual or famous names.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18, обводя цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.
The story is about an old Cuban fisherman, Santiago, who goes out fishing alone in a small skiff. After a long period of fruitless fishing the old man manages to catch an enormous marline...
Never have I had such a strong fish nor one who acted so strangely. Perhaps he is too wise to jump. He could ruin me by jumping or by a wild rush. But perhaps he has been hooked many times before and he knows that this is how he should make his fight. He cannot know that it is only one man against him, nor that it is an old man. But what a great fish he is and what he will bring in the market if the flesh is good. He took the bait like a male and he pulls like a male and his fight has no panic in it. I wonder if he has any plans or if he is just as desperate as I am?
The line rose slowly and steadily and then the surface of the ocean bulged ahead of the boat and the fish came out. He came out unendingly and water poured from his sides. He was bright in the sun and his head and back were dark purple and in the sun the stripes on his sides showed wide and a light lavender. His sword was as long as a baseball bat and tapered like a rapier and he rose his full length from the water and the re-entered it, smoothly, like a diver and the old man saw the great scythe-blade of his tail go under and the line commenced to race out.
“He is two feet longer than the skiff,” the old man said. The line was going out fast but steadily and the fish was not panicked. The old man was trying with both hands to keep the line just inside of breaking strength. He knew that if he could not show the fish with a steady pressure the fish take out all the line and break it.
He is a great fish and I must convince him, he thought. I must never let him learn his strength nor what he could do if he made his run. If I were him I would put it in everything now and go until something broke. But, thank God, they are not as intelligent as we who kill them; although they are more noble and more able.
The old man had seen many great fish. He had seen many that weighed more than a thousand pounds and he had caught two of that size in his life, but never alone. Now alone, and out of sight of land, he was fast to the biggest fish that he had ever seen and bigger than he had ever heard of, and his left hand was still as tight as the gripped claws of an eagle.
It will uncramp though, he thought. Surely, it will uncramp to help my right hand. There are three things that are brothers: the fish and my two hands. It must uncramp. It is unworthy of it to be cramped. The fish had slowed again and was going at his usual pace. I wonder why he jumped, the old man thought. He jumped almost as though to show me how big he was. I know now, anyway, he thought. I wish I could show him what sort of man I am. But then he would see the cramped hand. Let him think I am more man then I am and I will be so. I wish I was the fish, he thought, with everything he has against only my will and my intelligence.
The old man thinks about fish as if it is ...
1) a primitive animal.
2) a clever creature.
3) a human being.
4) a thoughtless creature.
The fish empresses the old man because it has ...
1) an unusual colour.
2) very long tail.
3) an enormous size.
4) a sword in front of it.
The old man is worried ...
1) about his skiff.
2) about his weakness.
3) about the fish’s speed.
4) about the line tearing.
The old man considers that...
1) the fish is cleverer than he is.
2) humans are smart.
3) he is too weak.
4) he hasn’t got enough strength.
The old man ...
1) has never seen such kind of fish.
2) has never heard of such kind of fish.
3) has never caught such fish himself.
4) has never caught such fish in his life.
The movement of the fish was ... in the water.
1) rapid
2) fast
3) quiet
4) permanent
The last thought of the old man means ...
1) that his strength is in his intellect.
2) that the fish is stronger.
3) that the fish will get away.
4) that his hands are getting weak.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные жирными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Перенесите полученный ответ в соответствующее поле справа. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19 — 25. Ответ пишите без пробелов и иных знаков.
THEYAn inspired invention by a British student is being hailed as the answer to all parents’ concerns about________increasingly obese children. The device, nicknamed Square-eyes, fits into any shoe and measures the number of steps taken by a child each day.
CALCULATEThe information is relayed to the family computer and the child is rewarded with a _________ number of minutes of TV viewing time. The recommended average of 12-15,000 steps a day equates to a maximum of two hours viewing.
EXPIREAs soon as the allocated time in front of the box__________, the TV automatically switches off. Kids then have to hit the streets to earn more TV time. Device designer Gillian Swan says it “will help children to include exercise in their daily routines from an early age.”
ACTIVESquare-eyes has long been a term associated with sedentary children who are exposed to too much television. This new device reverses this association by promoting _________ lifestyles for kids than their everyday routine.
CHILDMs Swan hopes her invention will mean healthier. She said, “Today’s__________ are exposed to a raft of television programmes.
ENTERTAINTen years ago, they______________by playing games with their friends, now they are cooped up in their bedrooms watching hours of television programmes.”
ALLOWEngineer Cliff Randall believes the invention is at the vanguard of computer-integrated clothing, which________clothes to monitor our health in the future.
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные жирными буквам в конце строк 26—31, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните соответствующее поле справа полученными словами. Каждое поле соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.
VIOLENTFor some people hip hop is a rebellious form of music that promotes_________and hate.
FAVORDespite this though, hip hop has gained in popularity over recent years and now has a huge fan base around the world. One might wonder then whether its_____________ reputation only represents one side of the story.
LISTENIn fact, one doesn’t have to dig deep to see the positive effects that this style of music has had on its_______________.
ORIGINAn example of the positive effects of hip hop is the fact that although it_________ developed within the African-American community, seventy-five percent of the hip hop audience is non-African. This clearly shows that it has enabled millions of young people across the world to identify with each other.
AWAREHip hop has also played an important role in promoting social and political _________among young people.
EDUCATEMany teenagers have been encouraged to discuss social issues such as________, voting, and racial discrimination.
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32 — 38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32 — 38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.
Sometimes people 32_____of Parliament when they really mean the House of Commons. The House of Commons is the most important part of Parliament because the M Ps who sit in the House of Commons represent the people of Britain.
There are 651 MPs in Britain, but the Chamber of the House of Commons is quite 33______; it has seats for only 437, so when there is something important to 34 ____it can become very crowded and MPs squeeze on to the benches or sit on the steps. The House of Commons has a chairman, called the Speaker, whose 35 __is to keep the House in order, a little like a 36____at a football match. He or she shouts “Order! Order!”, when MPs start shouting at each other, or when the discussion gets out of control. The Speaker sits in the centre at the back, on a high chair, and can see the whole Chamber from this position. The office of Speaker is neutral, i.e. he or she is not a voting member of a political party.
There are red lines running 37____each side of the Chamber. This means that the Chamber is a divided 38__two.
say
talk
tell
declare
small
little
tiny
petite
speak
shout
discuss
consider
work
job
profession
place
judge
arbitrator
coach
referee
among
along
across
above
into
at
of
with
Раздел 4. Письмо
Для ответов на задания 39, 40 используйте Бланк ответов № 2. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в Бланке ответов № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. При заполнении Бланка ответов № 2 вы указываете сначала номер задания 39, 40, а потом пишете свой ответ.
Раздел 5. Говорение
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
Research shows that many teens do not get enough sleep, yet most are unaware of this fact. Because you are young, you may feel you can handle a few nights of little sleep, but it takes a longterm toll on your body. During sleep, your body repairs damaged tissues, removes toxins from cells, and strengthens the immune system. In addition, research suggests sleep allows your brain to process and store memories from your waking hours. Although there is little information on exactly why the body needs sleep, there is much research that shows the negative effects of failing to get enough sleep. The biggest negative effect for teens seems to be a decrease in mental sharpness and a lack of motivation to engage in thinking activities. These effects are especially harmful to academic performance. So to stay healthy through your teen years, remember these tips: Get some exercise! Eat healthy foods! Get enough sleep!
Study the advertisement.
You are considering spending part of your holidays at the sea and now you are calling to find out more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
1) range of services provided
2) accomodation facilities
3) availability of price reductions
4) location
5) if any documents are needed
You have 20 seconds to ask each questions.
These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
— where and when the photo was taken
— what/who is in the photo
— what is happening
— why you keep the photo in your album
— why you decided to show the picture to your friend
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number …”
Study the two photographs.
In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:
— give a brief description of the photos (action, location)
— say what the pictures have in common
— say in what way the pictures are different
— say which of the churches presented in the pictures you’d like more
— explain why
You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12—15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
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