Вариант 22

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждую букву, обозначающую утверждение, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в поле справа.

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1. Learning to embrace being alone makes you happier.

2. Reading books helps you to understand yourself.

3. Singing or dancing helps to develop your artistic abilities.

4. Consider learning in areas you’ve never ventured before.

5. Over-analyzing things independent of you can be harmful.

6. Fiction, poetry and plays widen your knowledge.

7. Don’t limit your online activities to just games.

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений A—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Вы услышите запись дважды.

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A. Nick is keen on track and field athletics.

B. Nick sets ambitious but realistic goals for himself.

C. If you set an example of good sportsmanship, you’ll receive the same respect in turn when you win.

D. Nick finds it difficult to stock up with patience.

E. Nick is not prone to accept criticism.

F. Thinking becomes more limited if Nick allows himself to become emotional against criticism.

G. Team sports can have some skills practiced in solitude.

What is the first advice Simon shares?

1) Install a home security system.

2) Purchase a sign from a security company.

3) Install motion sensors.

What is the main idea about the doors?

1) Good locks are useless if your door is easily broken.

2) Strong entry doors should be installed.

3) If you are renting your home pay attention to the locks.

How should people keep valuable belongings?

1) Install strong locks.

2) Purchase a safe.

3) Use a deposit box in the bank.

Simon strongly advises...

1) to have all the keys by yourself.

2) to have an extra key inside the house.

3) put away the hidden key.

Speaking about neighbours, it is better to ...

1) ask a reliable person to monitor your home.

2) to remind them that you are on holidays.

3) ask a friend to maintain your yard.

What is true about frightening off the burglar?

1) Installing programmable light switches.

2) Installing alarm system.

3) Leaving window coverings the same.

Which of the following cannot be considered to be of high importance?

1) Do not speak to strangers.

2) Stop your mail.

3) Secure your garage door.

1. Money string changes source

2. What in a colour

3. Weight of money

4. Out-of-use but valuable notes

5. Size matters

6. How we got that mark

7. Before money comes in

8. Free to choose from

A. In early societies people developed barter as a form of protomoney, when they used the things that everyone agreed to accept in trade. Various items have been used by different societies at different times. Thus, for example, Aztecs used cacao beans, Norwegians used butter, the early U.S. colonists used tobacco leaves, and Roman soldiers were paid a salary of salt. On the island of Nauru, the islanders even used rats for this purpose.

B. The first coins were made in the Kingdom of Lydia, located on the territory of Turkey in the 7th century B.C. The Lydians used weighed lumps of metal and stamped them with pictures to confirm their weight (the shape of the coins was unimportant). The process of stamping was called ‘minting’. In fact, the stamp on the coin was a seal that identified the person who had guaranteed the weight of that coin.

C. The well-known dollar sign has various explanations. Perhaps one of the most widely accepted is that it was the result of the evolution of the Mexican or Spanish ‘Ps’ which was used for pesos. This theory explains that the ‘S’ gradually came to be written over the ‘P’, developing a close equivalent to the American dollar *$’ mark. It was widely used even before the adoption of the United States dollar in 1785.

D. The largest banknote ever issued by the Bank of England was the £1,000,000 note. Designed for use by the UK government only, the notes were canceled after just a few months, allowing very few to escape into private hands. However, just because the notes are out of service nowadays it doesn’t mean that they are valueless. In 2008, one of two known surviving notes was sold at auction for almost $120,000.

E. According to the Guinness Book of World Records, the world’s largest banknote is the 100,000-peso note, which is of the size of a standard sheet of paper. It was created by the government of the Philippines in 1998 to celebrate a century of independence from Spanish rule. The note was offered only to collectors, who could purchase one of the limited-edition notes for 180,000 pesos, or about $3,700.

F. American Indians used to have strings of clamshells, which they called wampum and used as money. The process to make wampum was very labor intensive, which increased their value among the European traders. However, the Dutch colonists began to manufacture wampum themselves and eventually became the primary source of wampum, thereby destroying the system which had functioned for centuries.

G. Why are U.S. notes green? No one is really sure. However, in 1929, when the Bureau of Printing and Engraving began making smaller size currency, green continued to be used because its pigment was readily available in large quantities. Green is also relatively high in its resistance to chemical and physical changes, and it has been psychologically identified with the strong and stable credit of the government.

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке лишняя.

1. by each region’s polar front jet stream

2. temperatures rose to just above freezing

3. waves develop in the polar front jet stream

4. leading to record-low sea ice coverage

5. the strength of each cold area

6. by weather systems farther south

7. and as the region slips into greater and greater seasonal darkness

In the Arctic, the sea ice melt-off peaks in September A___________ and temperatures fall, sea ice begins to reform. In 2016, however, temperature conditions have been slow to follow this pattern. Instead, near-surface air temperatures in the Arctic have remained warmer than normal throughout Oclober and early November, В_______________ that lags behind the 1981—2010 average extent by almost 2 million square km (roughly 772,000 square miles) for the period.

Cold air at both the top and the bottom of the world is separated from warmer equatorward air C ___________an eastward-moving belt of strong stratospheric winds that separates warm tropical air from cold polar air in the midlatitudes. D______ , or polar vortex, varies with the season, but it is strongest during the winter season in each hemisphere, when the temperature contrast between the pole and the Equator is greatest. In the Northern Hemisphere this week, the presence of a very strong low- pressure system in the North Pacific Ocean has pushed the polar vortex off the Arctic Ocean and into Siberia. Above 80° North latitude, E__________________, some 20 °C (36 °F) above normal on November 15, while temperatures on November 15 over parts of Siberia sank to -40” (which are, coincidentally, equivalent measures on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales). The polar vortex is typically strong enough to hold its own against most incursions F_______________, but its strength relies on a steep temperature gradienfacross the polar front jet stream — the wall of air separating the polar vortex’s interior from the outside.

How to become self-motivated for distance learning at the very beginning?

1) Get acquainted with the instructor.

2) Familiarize yourself with the training programme.

3) Study information intended to advise you on how the course should be done or what it should be.

4) Act correctly and make decisions on your own.

What is essential about studying on-line?

1) Lack or impossibility of communication with the tutor.

2) Planning and arranging the exams.

3) Sharpening your strategic decision-making skills.

4) Setting a personal time-table.

What is the most difficult part of distance learning?

1) It is difficult to be combined with college courses.

2) Managing time diligently is challenging.

3) Great amount of work should be done without any consultation.

4) More than one course must be selected.

Submitting your work on time does not depend on ...

1) computer literacy.

2) class deadlines.

3) tutoring.

4) time arrangement.

If a person studies on-line, he/she is expected to ...

1) abscond from his/her responsibilities.

2) know a lot about modem technology, especially computers.

3) definitely miss a deadline.

4) put a printed date and time on the document.

Contributing to the on-line classroom community, one should remember to ...

1) use proper on-line etiquette.

2) communicate with your professor.

3) join on-line class discussions.

4) participate when you are supposed to.

How to achieve your goals through distance learning?

1) Use your knowledge for a practical purpose.

2) Set short-term goals.

3) Only take courses that you need in future.

4) Select the right distance learning school.

After the next big rain storm, put your boots on and go outside. Look at the water dripping from your roof. Watch it gush out of the drainpipes. You can see water flowing down your street too. Water is always flowing. It trickles in the brook near your house. Sometimes you see water rushing along in a stream or in a big river. Water always flows downhill. It flows from high places to low places, just the way you and your skateboard move down a hill. Sometimes water collects in a low spot in the land — a puddle, a pond, or a lake. The water’s downhill journey may end there.

Most of the time, though, the water will find a way to keep flowing downhill. Because water flows downhill, it will keep flowing until it can’t go any lower. The lowest parts of the earth are the oceans. Water will keep flowing until it reaches an ocean. Where does the water start? Where does the water in a brook or a stream or a river come from? The water comes from rain. And it comes from melting snow. The water from rain and melting snow runs over the ground. Some of it soaks into the ground, and some water is soaked up by trees and other plants. But a lot of the water keeps travelling over the ground, flowing downhill.

Study the advertisement.

You are cosidering choosing a health programme for your cousin and you are calling to find out more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:

1) topics for discussion

2) how long

3) if one should come alone or with a partner

4) the name of lecturer

5) shool location

You have 20 seconds to ask each questions.

These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:

— where and when the photo was taken

— what/who is in the photo

— what is happening

— why you keep the photo in your album

— why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number …”

Study the two photographs.

In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:

— give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

— say what the pictures have in common

— say in what way the pictures are different

— say which of the churches presented in the pictures you’d like more

— explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12—15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.