Вариант 14

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• 1. Clear instructions at work are very important.
• 2. Personal discussions in the office can distract from work.
• 3. It is important to think about gender differences in office work.
• 4. Employees' health must be the top priority for office managers.
• 5. Positive atmosphere is important at work.
• 6. Effective communication is important for both employers and employees.
• 7. Team spirit is a key to success both for the office and its employees.

Говорящий	A	B	C	D	E	F
Утверждение

Вы услышите разговор друзей. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений А1 — А7 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

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Mary's mother is not interested in Robin Hood.

• 1. True
• 2. False
• 3. Not stated

A vintage inn is an average countryside pub.

• 1. True
• 2. False
• 3. Not stated

Food prices in a vintage inn are rather high.

• 1. True
• 2. False
• 3. Not stated

Vintage inns offer only traditional British cuisine.

• 1. True
• 2. False
• 3. Not stated

Vintage inns are often close to local sights.

• 1. True
• 2. False
• 3. Not stated

The level of service can vary in different vintage inns.

• 1. True
• 2. False
• 3. Not stated

Mary has a map of vintage inns.

• 1. True
• 2. False
• 3. Not stated

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях А8—А14 обведите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

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Why did Helen change her original name?

• 1. She wanted to break her tribe traditions.
• 2. People found it difficult to pronounce it.
• 3. She did not like its meaning.

Which tradition, according to Helen, is still alive in Navaho lifestyle?

• 1. Horse riding.
• 2. Clothes.
• 3. Houses.

How does Helen characterize her family?

• 1. They stick to the reservation area.
• 2. It tries to preserve old traditions.
• 3. It is unusually big for Navaho tribes.

What is Helen's opinion about keeping Navaho traditions?

• 1. Navaho people must assimilate into white culture.
• 2. Traditional lifestyle is appropriate only in reservations.
• 3. There should be a balance in accepting white culture.

What does Helen say about her knowledge of the Navaho language?

• 1. She used to be better at it.
• 2. She still has an excellent command of it.
• 3. Her speaking skills are better than her writing.

Which of the following weekend activities does Helen NOT mention as her habit?

• 1. Watching films.
• 2. Taking part in traditional ceremonies.
• 3. Meeting peers.

What does Helen dream of visiting?

• 1. Local places of interest.
• 2. American cities.
• 3. Countries on other continents.

• 1. Footballers' diets Ideal
• 2. football shape Length
• 3. Length matters
• 4. Puree instead of pasta
• 5. Secret born in the USSR
• 6. Stress or relaxation
• 7. Flying fruit
• 8. Referee's perspective

A. Good footballers must have something in their genes. Scientists have discovered a link between the length of a footballer's ring finger and their ability as a player. They compared the ring and index fingers of top players. Players whose ring fingers were longer compared to their index fingers were more likely to be elite players. Some of the players found to have long ring fingers are Bryan Robson, Ossie Ardiles, Glenn Hoddle, Sir Stanley Matthews and Gazza.

B. Fitness training is absolutely necessary for a first-rate football team. Jogging up and down the stadium a few times is not enough. What footballers really need is a quick start. Footballers can get this ability to start running very quickly by using a training method called 'plyometrics'. In the 1960s, athletes in the Soviet Union used plyometric exercises to improve their results in jumping.

C. Step by step, the method has become very important for many sports that include sprinting and jumping. In the past, footballers used to have a big fried breakfast — or even a roast dinner — before a football match. In the new era of professional football, the menu of modern players has been radically reformed. Arsenal manager, Arsene Wenger, is known for his scientific method of feeding his team. When he first came to the club in 1996, he at once changed the players' dinner menus. Sugar, red meat, chips, fried foods and dairy products were out. Vegetables, fish, chicken and plenty of water were in.

D. French diet specialists heavily criticised the pre-match diet of the England players in Euro '96. Their menu of tomato soup and spaghetti was said to be more likely to produce wind than a win. Potatoes, according to French scientists, make the best meal on the day of a game. They have glucides, which give the player a lot of energy. They also include useful vitamins. According to one piece of research, a player should eat 200-300 grams of mashed potatoes, boiled for 20 minutes, exactly three hours before going to the game.

E. Physics can explain a football wonder — the banana kick. This happens when a ball suddenly changes its direction at the end of its flight. At a certain speed, the air flowing over a flying ball becomes 'turbulent'. This means that the air moves irregularly over the ball. As the ball slows down, the air becomes 'smooth' again. This slowdown makes the ball turn dramatically, creating the wonderful 'banana' kicks that the spectators like so much.

F. These days, footballs are made in a design based on the 'Buckminster Ball'. The American architect Richard Buckminster Fuller came up with the design when he was trying to find a way for constructing buildings using a minimum of materials. The ball is a series of geometrical figures, which can be fitted together to make a round body. The modern football is in fact a Buckminster Ball consisting of 32 pieces. When they are joined together and filled with air they make a perfect sphere.

G. Research has shown that watching the World Cup is good for our health — even if your team goes out on penalties. The scientists suggest that a common interest and a nationalistic pride are very important. The competition makes people less concentrated on their own problems. They are also more patient and can cope with crises much easier. Watching football can, however, also be disappointing, especially when it comes to the decisions of referees and officials. Besides, watching penalties can be very nervous.

A	B	C	D	E	F	G

Установите соответствие тем 1 — 7 текстам A — F. Занесите свои ответы в соответствующее поле справа. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.

• 1. when the ice was finally thick enough to cross
• 2. that the impact on Russia would be disastrous
• 3. the environment is under pressure
• 4. and in the end what is good for the reindeer is good for us
• 5. and set up their camps in the southern forests
• 6. that Yamal's ancient permafrost is melting
• 7. when the reindeer give birth in May

For 1,000 years the indigenous Nenets people have migrated along the 450-mile-long Yamal peninsula in northern Russia. In summer they wander northwards, taking their reindeer with them. In winter they return southwards. But this remote region of north-west Siberia is now being affected by global warming. Traditionally the Nenets travel across the frozen River Ob in November A ___ around Nadym. These days, though, this annual winter migration is delayed. Last year the Nenets, together with many thousands of reindeer, had to wait until late December В ___ .

"Our reindeer were hungry. There wasn't enough food," Jakov Japtik, a Nenets reindeer herder, said. "The snow is melting sooner, quicker and faster than before. In spring it's difficult for the reindeer to pull the sledges. They get tired," Japtik said. Herders say that the peninsula's weather is increasingly unpredictable — with unseasonal snowstorms С ___ , and milder longer autumns.

In winter, temperatures used to go down to -50°C. Now they are normally around -30°C, according to Japtik. "Obviously we prefer -30°C. But the changes aren't good for the reindeer D ___ ," he said, setting off on his sledge to round up his reindeer herd. Even here, in one of the most remote parts of the planet, E ___ . Last year the Nenets arrived at a regular summer camping spot and discovered that half of their lake had disappeared. The water had drained away after a landslide. The Nenets report other curious changes — there are fewer mosquitoes and a strange increase in flies. Scientists say there is unmistakable evidence F ___ .

A	B	C	D	E	F

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания А15—А21, обводя цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.

I took a cab to Hazlitt's Hotel on Frith Street. I like Hazlitt's because it's intentionally obscure — it doesn't have a sign or a plaque or anything at all to betray its purpose — which puts you in a rare position of strength with your cab driver. Let me say right now that London cab drivers are without question the finest in the world. They are trustworthy, safe and honest, generally friendly and always polite. They keep their vehicles spotless inside and out, and they will put themselves to the most extraordinary inconvenience to drop you at the front entrance of your destination. There are really only a couple of odd things about them. One is that they cannot drive more than two hundred feet in a straight line. I've never understood this, but no matter where you are or what the driving conditions, every two hundred feet a little bell goes off in their heads and they abruptly lunge down a side street. And when you get to your hotel or railway station or wherever it is you are going, they like to drive you all the way around it so that you can see it from all angles before alighting.

The other distinctive thing about them, and the reason I like to go to Hazlitt's, is that they cannot bear to admit that they don't know the location of something they feel they ought to know, like a hotel, which I think is rather sweet. To become a London cab driver you have to master something titled The Knowledge—in effect, learn every street, hospital, hotel, police station, cricket ground, cemetery and other notable landmarks in this amazingly vast and confusing city. It takes years and the cabbies are justifiably proud of their achievement. It would kill them to admit that there could exist in central London a hotel that they have never heard of. So what the cabbie does is probe. He drives in no particular direction for a block or two, then glances at you in the mirror and in an overcasual voice says, "Hazlitt's —that's the one on Curzon Street, innit, guv? Opposite the Blue Lion?" But the instant he sees a knowing smile of demurral forming on your lips, he hastily says, "No, hang on a minute, I'm thinking of the Hazelbury. Yeah, the Hazelbury. You want Hazlitt's, right?" He'll drive on a bit in a fairly random direction. "That's this side of Shepherd's Bush, innit?" he'll suggest speculatively.

When you tell him that it's on Frith Street, he says. "Yeah, that the one. Course it is. I know it — modern place, lots of glass".

"Actually, it's an eighteenth-century brick building."

"Course it is. I know it." And he immediately executes a dramatic U-turn, causing a passing cyclist to steer into a lamppost (but that's all right because he has on cycle clips and one of those geeky slip stream helmets that all but invite you to knock him over). "Yeah, you had me thinking of the Hazelbury" the driver adds, chuckling as if to say it's a lucky thing he sorted that one out for you, and then lunges down a little side street off the Strand called Running Sore Lane or Sphincter Passage, which, like so much else in London, you had never noticed was there before.

The narrator said that he liked London cab drivers because they

• 1. can be trusted and nice to deal with.
• 2. can drive in a straight line.
• 3. know all the hotels and streets in the city.
• 4. make friends easily.

Which of the following statements about London cab drivers is true according to the narrator?

• 1. They prefer driving in a straight line.
• 2. They prefer side streets to main streets.
• 3. They have little bells in their cars.
• 4. They let you see your hotel from all angles.

A reason why the narrator liked to go to Hazlitt's was that

• 1. cab drivers liked driving there.
• 2. it was in the center of the city.
• 3. cab drivers didn't know where it was.
• 4. it was an old brick building.

According to the narrator, to be a London cab driver, one has to

• 1. be ready to study the city for years.
• 2. be knowledgeable.
• 3. be proud of the city.
• 4. know all streets and places in London.

According to the narrator, if the cab driver did not know a hotel in London he would

• 1. panic.
• 2. ask the passenger.
• 3. use a map.
• 4. never admit it.

According to the narrator, when the driver finally knows where to go, he would

• 1. speed up.
• 2. say you are lucky he knew the place.
• 3. turn the car in the opposite direction.
• 4. admit he was confused at first.

What is the narrator's general attitude towards London cab drivers?

• 1. Ironic.
• 2. Supportive.
• 3. Accusatory.
• 4. Critical.

Для ответов на задания С1, С2 используйте Бланк ответов № 2. При выполнении заданий С1 и С2 особое внимание обратите на то, что ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в Бланке ответов № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. При заполнении Бланка ответов № 2 вы указываете сначала номер задания С1, С2, а потом пишете свой ответ.