Вариант 30
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждую букву, обозначающую утверждение, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в поле справа.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
1. Having fun every day lowers stress.
2. Regular exercises reduce stress.
3. Creative activities change your attitudes.
4. Morning walks help to be healthy.
5. Listening to music can be helpful.
6. The best strategy is to concentrate on one thing at a time.
7. Planning a day can help to fight pressure.
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений A—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Вы услышите запись дважды.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
A. A new fitness club will open next week.
B. The fitness club is well equipped.
C. All the machines help to lose weight.
D. Ted is afraid because he can break the machines.
E. The guidance on the equipment usage is exciting.
F. There is only one class in the gym.
G. There are too many people in the fitness club.
Which of the following is TRUE about Mark’s experience?
1) He never knows if the song will be a success.
2) He always feels the right choice.
3) He sometimes asks for advice.
Mark has achieved success as
1) a song writer.
2) a producer.
3) a performer.
What is Mark’s main job?
1) To produce his own records.
2) To produce records for other singers.
3) To find new singers.
Which of the following characterizes a good producer?
1) He should be able to make musicians do their best.
2) He should be able to get artists’ respect and attention.
3) He should make artists play the guitar or the violin.
What method is the best one for getting the best performance?
1) He hears their songs for a lot of times.
2) He needs superpower.
3) He finds artists’ bright feature.
Why isn’t Mark afraid of criticizing artists?
1) Because they hired him themselves.
2) Because he is brave.
3) Because he has a bad temper.
How old will Mark be soon?
1) 30.
2) 50.
3) 40.
Раздел 2. Чтение
1. A totally unnecessary source
2. Let yourself enjoy tasty things
3. A drastic mistake
4. The ideal protein intake
5. Start cooking, stop taking out
6. What is a calorie?
7. Portion sizes matter
8. Think about food before eating
A. In the scientific sense, a calorie is the unit of energy needed to raise 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. When you think of calories, think of them like that: as energy, the stuff that keeps you going. It is necessary to find the balance, but you’re going to have a lot of problems trying to run on empty. Calories come from three main macronutrients: protein, carbohydrates, and fats. Everything you eat is some combinations of them. They all have uses in the body in appropriate amounts.
B. The macronutrients all have complex sets of jobs in the body. Carbohydrates are a source of energy, and that’s pretty accurate. They’ve gotten a bad reputation in the last few decades, but your brain lives on sugar. You also may have read recently that sugar is addictive. A 2014 study from the University of Edinburgh found that people could show addictive behaviour around eating, but that sugar itself did not promote addictive behavior. So enjoy carbohydrates in the right amount for your activity level.
C. Most people overeat added sugars, for example, you can find them in sweets or yougurt. It isn’t an ingredient that any of us need very much of — in fact, we don’t need it at all. The recommended sugar guidelines are no more than 6 teaspoons of added sugar a day for women or 9 teaspoons for men. But a recent study from the Manchester Research Centre found that Americans average 22.9 teaspoons of added sugar a day! We also know that excess added sugar consumption has been implicated as a risk factor for heart disease.
D. When I was in nutrition school, we all learned the same thing: protein requirements are 0.8 to 1 gram per kilogram of bodyweight for healthy people. What we didn’t learn is that these numbers are the minimum protein requirements for healthy people. For active people, 2 grams per kilogram of bodyweight per day appears to be ideal. So if you’re working out regularly and are healthy, you may want to check that you’re eating enough protein.
E. Weight is very individual, so what applies to me may not apply to you. However, I find that when I gain weight, it’s because of two things: I’m eating too much sugar, and I’m picking at everything in sight. If you’re trying to maintain or lose weight, cutting back on the mindless eating can help. Concentrate on what you’re eating. It helps you tune into your body’s hunger and satiety cues, so you’re not eating too little or too much.
F. Eating healthier is work. But putting in the effort to cook for yourself is so worth it, especially in the long-term. Cooking for yourself means you’re taking control of what you put into your body, and that’s a good thing. As for me, I’ve started by grocery shopping on a weekend and preparing one or two proteins and two to three vegetables for the week ahead. This way, I’ve been ready for meals, and not scrambling for the takeout menus at the end of the day on my way home from work.
G. Trigger foods are the ones that make you lose all control once you start eating them. One option is to avoid keeping your trigger foods in the house, but buying them when you feel like it. If you don’t have a constant wish of your favourite chocolate bars, you can’t grab one to distract you when you’re bored. It’s normal to struggle a bit with moderation around trigger foods, and it’s also normal to go overboard sometimes.
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке лишняя.
1. where signatures are conveyed digitally
2. when it comes to writing
3. about a dozen more are debating the issue
4. how handwriting makes them a better reader and writer
5. who also have won state titles in the contest
6. or won’t be able to read original documents written in cursive
7. and continues through eighth grade
St Anne’s Academy is a little old-fashioned. The teachers are nuns in habits who write on blackboards with chalk. The Mass is all in Latin. And the writing is in cursive. At St Anne’s, cursive instruction starts in second grade A______________________. Homework has to be done in cursive, and neatness counts. That’s probably why the little elementary and high school, with a total of 48 students, produces cursive champions such as Jack Lieberherr. Jack, a 15-year-old from North St Paul, was recently named the 2017 grand national champion for eighth-graders in the National Handwriting Contest. Writing, it seems, runs in Jack’s family. Jack also won the national championship as a sixth-grader and has several state handwriting titles as well. He has a brother and two sisters В__________
Careful cursive is quickly disappearing in an age C ___________________________. Nowadays handwritten letters are a rarity and communication is dominated by keyboards, texting and touch screens. But the teachers at St Anne’s are old-school D_____________________________. And for good reasons, they say that it shows education. Cursive advocates worry that we’re raising a generation of young adults who won’t know how to sign their own names E__________________________. Four years ago, the Campaign for Cursive, a committee of the American Handwriting Analysis Foundation, started a Cursive Is Cool contest. The contest requires the students to write “The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog” (which contains all the letters in the alphabet). Students then add a few sentences in their own words about F_____________________________. The national winners are selected based on things such as size, shape, spacing and slant of the letters.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18, обводя цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.
Most of us would confess to have a soft -spot for these charismatic birds. Penguins spread across our daily lives, featuring on items such as biscuit wrappers and book covers through to Christmas and birthday cards, as well as starring in animations on cinema and television screens. We focus on their comedic waddle, their flightless vulnerability, their enduring parental care in the frozen tundra. Who could fail to care for these birds?
But for those still unsure of a penguin’s charm, there is one woman in particular who could change their minds. Her name is Dyan deNapoli, whose infectious passion for protecting penguins has earned her the moniker, ‘The Penguin Lady’. She is a penguin expert and educator. Dyan is on a mission to raise awareness and help to save these very special and endangered birds. And it all began after being surrounded by penguins at Boston’s New England Aquarium, when she became smitten and captivated by their antics.
But it requires a lot of dedication — saving penguins is rewarding and stressful in equal measure. Chicks need feeding every few hours with freshly the affected area, where she worked as a supervisor and bird rehabilitation manager on this historic team. Together they relocated 19,500 birds before they became oiled, and cleaned and nursed back to health 91% of the 20,000 birds that were actually affected by the oil.
What idea is expressed in the first paragraph?
1) Penguins are considered as a symbol of holidays.
2) Penguins are known as unusual birds.
3) People’s attitude towards penguins is not serious.
4) People’s attitude towards penguins is beneficial.
Why is Dyan named as The Penguin Lady?
1) Because she was surrounded by penguins in the aquarium.
2) Because she has organized special park for penguins.
3) Because she is an activist who tries to save these birds.
4) Because she sells penguins and earns a lot of money.
How does the author characterize Dyan’s activity?
1) Her work is satisfying but nerve-racking
2) Her work is complicated but profitable.
3) Her work is responsible but interesting.
4) Her work is important but dangerous.
How does the author explain that penguins are affected greatly by external factors?
1) Only because they cannot fly.
2) Only because they are characterized by special features.
3) Only because they are important for the environment.
4) Only because it takes them a lot of time to raise chicks.
Why did Dyan become determined to save these birds?
1) Because of their loveable nature.
2) Because of their good looks.
3) Because of their conservation status.
4) Because of the places they live.
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the risks the populations of penguins face?
1) Rocky shores where they have to live.
2) The polluted environment.
3) The food shortage.
4) The appearance of new predators.
How did Dyan take part in the international rescue mission?
1) She helped volunteers.
2) She collected the oil.
3) She wrote about the devastating impact of oiling.
4) She cleaned and nursed the birds back to health.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные жирными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Перенесите полученный ответ в соответствующее поле справа. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19 — 25. Ответ пишите без пробелов и иных знаков.
ONEA few weeks ago, while I was working, someone stole my bike. My__________reaction after I saw that my bike was gone was to go on the hunt.
REGISTERBut it was pointless. I_________the bike online years ago with a detailed description and serial number on Bike Index and I used this to file a police report.
RIDEFriday morning around 9 a.m. officer Chad Gross spotted the suspect____________the stolen bike on Pine and Butte streets and arrested the man on suspicion of possessing stolen property.
RETURNThe bike _________to me.
BASEThe Egyptians needed to track days. They developed a calendar___________on the flooding of the Nile that proved remarkably accurate.
FALLIt contained a year of 365 days divided into 12 months of 30 days each. The five extra days___________ at the end of the year.
ITHow did the ancient Egyptians make their calendars? What material did they use? Large reeds called papyrus grew wild along the Nile. The Egyptians developed a process that turned these reeds into flattened material that could be written on. In fact, the English word ‘paper’ has ________ root in the ancient Greek word ‘papyrus’. Among the first things written on papyrus were calendars that tracked time.
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные жирными буквам в конце строк 26—31, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните соответствующее поле справа полученными словами. Каждое поле соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.
SUITFor the earliest inhabitants of the Nile Valley, food was not easy to find. Perhaps most importantly, they discovered that, at the same time each year, the Nile flooded for about six months. As the river receded, it deposited a rich, brown layer of silt that was ________________ for growing wheat, beans, barley, or even cotton.
IRRIGATEFarmers learned to dig short canals leading to fields near the Nile, thus providing fresh water for year-round________________.
IMMEDIATEPlanting_______________after a flood yielded harvests before the next year’s flood.
EFFICIENTThe road to civilization required more organization and increased ________ .
CONCENTRATEFarmers began producing a lot of crops that allowed others to move their________________from farming to pursuing other trades, such as mercantilism or skilled craftwork. This development of specialized workers is a hallmark of civilization.
ORNAMENTEgyptian artisans created copper tools such as chisels and needles — all new inventions — that allowed them to fabricate_______________jewellery.
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32 — 38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32 — 38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.
Unlike inventions such as the lightbulb or the telephone, the Internet had no 32____________‘inventor’. Instead, it has evolved over time.
The Internet got its start in the United States more than 50 years ago. For years, scientists and researchers used it to 33__________ information with one another. Today, we use the Internet for almost everything, and for many people it would be impossible to imagine life without it.
In 1965, scientists developed a 34_____________way of sending information from one computer to another. He called his invention ‘packet switching’. Packet switching breaks information down into blocks, or packets, before sending it to its destination. That way, each packet can 35_______ its own route from place to place. Without packet switching, the government’s computer network could be just as easily damaged by enemy attacks as the phone system.
In 1969, ARPAnet delivered its first message. It was only a simple communication from one computer to another. Both computers were in California and each was the 36__________________of a small house.
By the end of 1969, there were still only four computers connected to the ARPAnet. 37____________, during the 1970s new local networks sprang up around the world, and the worldwide network grew steadily.
By the end of the 1970s, a computer scientist named Vinton Cerf had begun to 38____________this problem. Cerf developed a way for all of the computers on all of the world’s mini-networks to communicate with one another. Since then, the Internet has changed in many ways.
only
single
lonely
apart
receive
participate
share
divide
sure
mature
obscure
secure
take
use
have
get
length
scope
volume
size
However
Therefore
Moreover
Consequently
choose
solve
decide
judge
Раздел 4. Письмо
Для ответов на задания 39, 40 используйте Бланк ответов № 2. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в Бланке ответов № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. При заполнении Бланка ответов № 2 вы указываете сначала номер задания 39, 40, а потом пишете свой ответ.
Раздел 5. Говорение
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
Burney Crouss went to school to study the sounds of nature. For 20 years he has recorded the sounds animals make. He has recordings of animal sounds from all over the world.
Burney has made a record of animal songs. It all began when he took some of the sounds and put them together. Last year, he put together a song he called «Jungle Shoes.» It turned out great. Burney makes the music by taking part of his animal noises and saving them on a computer. He makes each sound play when a key is pressed. Then he asks other musicians to play the keys into songs. Burney believes in working to save nature. He thinks that more people need to take care of our world. The sounds of nature are quickly disappearing.
When he recorded whales in Alaska, he could hear the sound of oil well drilling from fifteen to twenty miles away. It was very loud. He says his goal is to save nature sounds so his children will be able to hear them.
Study the advertisement.
In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:
You have 20 seconds to ask each questions.
1) What is the starting price for this taxi?
2) Is service high-quality or not?
3) The service is low cost, isn’t it?
4) Do they provide any guarantees?
5) How I can call this cab?
These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
— where and when the photo was taken
— what/who is in the photo
— what is happening
— why you keep the photo in your album
— why you decided to show the picture to your friend
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number …”
Study the two photographs.
In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:
— give a brief description of the photos (action, location)
— say what the pictures have in common
— say in what way the pictures are different
— say which of the churches presented in the pictures you’d like more
— explain why
You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12—15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
редактор Екатерина Высоцкая
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