Вариант 19
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждую букву, обозначающую утверждение, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в поле справа.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
1. Earning money fог education has its minuses.
2. These two things can change the teacher’s motivation.
3. Money is not all that matters to the devoted teacher
4. Teachers can also learn from their students.
5. Even the best of teachers can’t be effective without students’ input.
6. Teaching brings the whole world to the classroom.
7. Students’ true interest in the subject is the best reward for the teacher.
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений A—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Вы услышите запись дважды.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
A. Sally is keen on attending yoga club.
B. Ben couldn’t decide if he would like to buy a real or artificial Christmas tree.
C. It’s easy for Joseph to choose a healthy tree.
D. There is a wide range of Christmas trees in the shops.
E. There are a few outlets in Ben’s living room.
F. It is necessary to protect the floor as well as the tree.
G. Ben annually holds Christmas parties.
The first step to stop spending too much money is ...
1) opening the bank account.
2) assessing spending habits.
3) refusing to purchase luxury goods.
According to Sam, it is necessary to ...
1) look at data compiled over the course of a year.
2) spend the same amount of money each month.
3) make records of things you buy.
The strategy of the announcer to save money is ...
1) not to use credit cards.
2) to use cash when buying something.
3) to keep receipts.
What is special about Budget Planner?
1) It’s a free online Money Advice Service.
2) It’s a tool to work out your regular income and expenses.
3) It creates your own custom items and changes currency symbol.
Adjusting spending habits means one should ...
1) go shopping with a goal in mind.
2) determine miscellaneous expenses.
3) create a budget and stick to it.
Why is Sam against buying goods on sales?
1) Sales are usually very crowded.
2) Sales make customers buy unnecessary goods.
3) Sales may offer postdate goods.
Why should people leave their credit cards at home?
1) To avoid useless expenditures.
2) To limit buying costly snacks.
3) To test spending habits by buying only what you need.
Раздел 2. Чтение
1. Milk саn be dangerous
2. Fighting poverty
3. The history of milk
4. Why you should drink milk
5. Milk around the world
6. A programme with a milky name
7. From glass to plastic
8. More than food
A. Milk is a primary source of nutrition for young mammals, including human babies, before they are able to digest other types of food. Moreover, it's proved that milk carries antibodies from mothers to babies protecting them from illnesses or reducing the risk of them. So, apart from containing necessary nutrients for a newborn, milk has other important functions as well.
B. As an agricultural product, milk is extracted from mammals such as cows or goats and used as food for humans. Worldwide, dairy farms produce about 730 min tons of milk from 260 min dairy cows. India is the world’s largest producer and consumer of milk yet it neither imports nor exports milk. New Zealand and the USA are the world's largest exporters of milk products.
C. Throughout the world, there are more than 6 billion consumers of milk and milk products and over 750 million people live within dairy farms. Milk is a key contributor to improving nutrition and food security particularly in developing countries. Improvements in livestock and dairy technology offer significant promise in reducing poverty and malnutrition in the world.
D. Historically, milk was sold by milkmen in jars. The first glass bottle packaging for milk was used in the 1870s. The first company to do so may have been the New York Dairy Company in 1877. The Express Dairy Company in England began glass bottle production in 1880. Later in 1932 plastic coated paper milk cartons were introduced commercially and they are still popular worldwide.
E. It’s recommended that a person consume 3 glasses of fat-free or low-fat milk for adults and children 9 and older (less for younger children) per day. However, this recommendation is being disputed at the time given that there are other sources for calcium and vitamin D. Probably whole milk is still better for health due to its increased ability to satiate hunger.
F. However, many people in the world are unable to consume cow’s milk because they are unable to digest the sugar in milk called lactose. This sugar only exists in mammals’ milk. Most babies can digest lactose, but some people lose this ability after the age of two. Symptoms of lactose intolerance include nausea, cramps, and diarrhea and usually appear within two hours of consuming milk.
G. Milk is a must in every frig of a household. It’s such a common product that a new app for mobiles to help you plan your day wisely and remember important things was called ‘Remember the milk’. The programme sends you e-mails or SMS to remind you about the things you’ve planned. You can even change your plans in this program while being offline.
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке лишняя.
1. of South China in the Middle Triassic Period
2. when they first saw
3. seen at the base of reptiles
4. or its unborn baby
5. one of many astonishingly well-preserved specimens
6. where the mother has a placenta to nourish the developing embryo
7. determined the sex of its babies genetically
Head of The University of Queensland’s School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and co-author Professor Jonathan Aitchison said the fossil unexpectedly provided the first evidence for live birth in an animal group previously thought to exclusively lay eggs. “Live birth is well known in mammals, A _______________,“ Professor Aitchison said. “Live birth is also very common among lizards and snakes, where the babies sometimes ‘hatch’ inside their mother and emerge without a shelled egg.”
Until recently it was thought the third major group of living land vertebrates, the crocodiles and birds only laid eggs. “Indeed, egg-laying is the primitive state, В_______________, and in their ancestors such as amphibians and fishes,” Professor Aitchison said. He said the new fossil was an unusual, long-necked marine animal called an archosauromorph that flourished in shallow seas C_______________.
The creature was a fish-eater, snaking its long neck from side to side to snatch its prey. Its fossil was D _______________from new “Luoping biota” locations in south-western China. There were no known fossils like this (marine vertebrates of this age) from Australia. Lead author Professor Jun Liu from Hefei University of Technology China, said the researchers were ‘excited’ E________________this embryonic specimen.
“We were not sure if the embryonic specimen was the mother’s last lunch F_________________,” Professor Liu said. “Upon further preparation and closer inspection, we discovered something unusual.” He said the embryo was inside the mother’s rib cage, and it faced forward; swallowed animals generally face backward because the predator swallows its prey head-first to help it to go down its throat. Furthermore, the small reptile inside the mother was an example of the same species.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18, обводя цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.
Before setting up his new business, Peter Yang made a point of bothering everyone he sat next to on his 75-minute commute to work. “I’d just ask whoever happened to be sitting next to me if they ever thought of paying someone to write their resume for them,” he says. “A lot of people didn’t have a great grasp of how to optimize them, so it seemed promising.” Yang, is now the co-founder of ResumeGo, a CV writing company that he started in 2015. He says that if it wasn’t for his long journey from his home in New Jersey to his then full-time job in New York, it would have taken far longer for the business to get off the ground.
For nearly a year, Yang would either talk to people on his train about his business, think about how to create his company or chat with his future business partner over the phone — who was also commuting at the same time, but on a different train. “The commute helped me to dedicate a certain chunk of my day to working on the business,” he says.
Most of us are probably not as productive as Yang on the way to work, but we may want to make better use of our time. In America, the average commute is 26.4 minutes, up 21 % from 1980, while commuters in London and Manchester spend about 85 minutes a day getting to and from work. The rising cost of living in major cities like New York, London and Beijing has forced many people out into the surrounding areas, giving them little choice but to commute long distances to the office each day. In Beijing the average commute is about an hour.
Rather than staring at our phones, we could use that time to upgrade our skills, start new companies, learn new languages and more. That’s precisely what Mark Smith did on his hour-long journey from Haddenhan in Buckinghamshire to London, where he worked in the Department of Transport.
For years, Smith would pass the time by reading but, one day in 2001, rather than picking up another page turner, he bought a book on HTML — a computer language that’s used to create websites. It took him two days of commuting to finish the book, after which he built a one-page website, explaining how to get from London to various European cities by train. It’s a subject he’s passionate about — he loves to travel, but says there was a lack of information on train travel between England and Europe. When the Guardian newspaper named his site the best travel site of the week in May 2001, he knew he was onto something.
A few months later. Smith purchased a laptop and began building more pages during his commute. In time, he stared earning a decent income from the site and in 2007 he quit his job to run it full-time.
It’s one thing to want to be productive but it’s another to get meaningful work done. Smith, though, had no trouble. Despite sharing personal space with strangers, there were fewer interruptions than at his office and no one was calling him to talk, he says. He does add, though, that a 30-minute trip wouldn’t have been enough — he needed the full hour.
To make the most out of your commute, you should do two things: plan and be realistic. Those who think about exactly what they want to accomplish can focus better than those who don’t have an idea of what they want to do. It’s also important to be realistic about your time and your environment, she says. If you need to concentrate, the busy morning commute may not be the best place to do that kind of work. If you get a comfortable seat on the train, though, and know you can spend 40 minutes writing a chapter of a book, then it can be a good way to get extra work in.
According to Peter Yang, he managed to organize a CV writing company because ...
1) he wanted to quit his full-time job in New York.
2) his co-founder helped him.
3) he had to spend 75 minutes to commute to work.
4) he thought of paying someone to write his resume for him.
Dedicating his time to working on the business on his commute, Yang...
1) used to look for information while going by train.
2) used to talk to other commuters or to his future business partner.
3) used to sleep and relax after an 8-hour day in the office in New York.
4) tried to optimize his developing business and improve it.
According to the information presented in the text,...
1) people spend more time on commuting in London than in Manchester.
2) people who live in major cities go to work from the suburbs.
3) people spend more time on commuting in the USA than in Beijing.
4) people commute long distances to the offices only in big cities.
Which of the following, according to the author, could people do on long journeys to work?
1) Acquire new knowledge and skills.
2) Stare at the phones and read interesting things.
3) Work on-line.
4) Speak to other passengers.
How did commuting help Smith to develop his business?
1) He was named the best traveller in 2001 by the Guardian newspaper.
2) The idea to create a website was realized during these journeys.
3) Не collected one-page websites which had information on travelling.
4) He made a special laptop for commuting people.
Which advantage of commuting is mentioned in the text?
1) People are not distracted because of noise and conversations in the office.
2) People buy books and discuss them with other passengers.
3) People are interrupted by commuters on the journey.
4) Meaningful work can be done during even a 30-minute trip.
Which two things are important if people want to be productive on their journeys?
1) They should focus on new ideas and plan new business.
2) They should be rational and concentrated.
3) They should think of necessary arrangements and be down-to- earth.
4) They should plan ideas and analyze them.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные жирными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Перенесите полученный ответ в соответствующее поле справа. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19 — 24. Ответ пишите без пробелов и иных знаков.
MAKEPeople_______________kites for about 2,000 years. No one knows for sure who invented the kite. Some historians believe it the ancient Chinese may have started kite flying 2000 years ago.
DECORATEIt is still a popular hobby in China, Japan and Korea and in other countries of the Far East where beautifully__________ kites appear in different colours.
CHILDIn China there is even a special Kites Day on which__________and adults fly kites. In Japan families fly fish kites on Kite Day, May 5th.
EXPENSIVESimple kites are made by crossing two sticks and covering them with paper or cloth. Then you attach a string at the end. The ______________ kites have frames made of fiberglass, plastic or aluminium. The name comes from a graceful bird called kite.
MEASUREKites have also been used in experiments. Early scientists sent kites up into the air ____________temperature at different heights.
USEIn 1752, Benjamin Franklin___________a kite to prove that lightning was a form of electricity.
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные жирными буквам в конце строк 25—29, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните соответствующее поле справа полученными словами. Каждое поле соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25—29.
WRAPCash. We need it to live. But have you ever stopped to think of what it is you’re touching when you hold a $20 bill, or a handful of nickels and dimes? Unless they’re crisp bills straight from the mint, or freshly__________ quarters, the chances are, they’ve changed hands many, many times. Coins are built to last.
CIRCULATERight now you can find coins for sale that date back to the age of Julius Caesar. The average lifespan of a coin is around 30 years, but some can still be in___________after 50 years or more.
CONVERSEThey change hands thousands of times, and never get cleaned. ____________‘paper’ money is nowhere near as hardy, but as it’s made up of 25% linen and 75% cotton, it’s not really paper at all.
RESISTIt’s cloth. This makes it____________to folds, with a humble dollar bill lasting almost five years.
ABSORBHowever, because the material is also _________, it has the chance to pick up a multitude of germs and bacteria.
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30 — 36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30 — 36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.
There are few people who know Hong Kong’s culinary scene better than Silvana Leung. The operations manager and lead guide for Hong Kong Foodie, Leung gives 32_____of the bustling city that allow visitors to get a taste of its unique cuisine. “Our mission is to help these visitors to go to local restaurants and be able to order food for themselves after taking the tour,” she says. “This gives an idea of what Hong Kong’s 33_________culture is like.”
The Chinese province of Guangdong neighbors Hong Kong, itself a Special Administrative Region on China’s southern coast. Guangdong was 34________known as Canton, and Hong Kong enjoys Cantonese culture.
“Traditional Cantonese cuisine is a lot of stir-fried dishes and steamed dishes,” Leung says. “A lot of what defines these regional cuisines has to do with the weather and how people live in this area,” Leung says. “In northern China, they eat a lot of noodles and dumplings, whereas here in the southern part of China, we eat a lot of rice. Also, in 35_______places like northern China and even inland China, it is known for spicy food.”
Dim sum is one Cantonese specialty that has spread around the world. It is usually linked with the older tradition from drinking tea, which has its 36_______in travellers on the ancient Silk Road needing a place to rest. Thus, teahouses were established along the roadside. An imperial physician in the third century wrote that combining tea with food would lead to excessive weight 37______. People later discovered that tea can aid in digestion, so teahouse owners began adding various snacks. Dim sum dishes are usually served with tea, and together form a full tea 38 ________ .
culinary
confectionary
amateur
preparation
culinary
confectionary
amateur
preparation
formerly
nowadays
never
before
brunch
nutrition
food
cuisine
solution
core
roots
base
lifting
gain
indicator
reduction
brunch
nutrition
lunch
meal
Раздел 4. Письмо
При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются.
You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Nancy:
From: [email protected]
Subject: Welcome
… We had an awful summer this year. What was the weather like in the place where you spent your summer this year? What do you do on rainy days in summer? What is your favourite season and why?
Our history class this year is just fantastic! ...
Write an email to Nancy.
In your message
— answer her questions
— ask 3 questions about her studies.
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of email writing.
38.1. Imagine that you are doing a project on doing a project on what problems large cities in Zetland face. You have found some data on the subject – the result of the opinion polls (see the table below). Comment on the data in the table and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.
Write 200-250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an opening statement on the subject of the project work;
— select and report 2-3 facts;
— make 1-2 comparisons where relevant;
— outline a problem that can arise with life in large cities for teenagers and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving your opinion on why young people prefer to live in large cities.
38.2. Imagine that you are doing a project on doing a project on what factors influence the choice of a future career in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the result of the opinion polls (see the diagram below). Comment on the data in the diagram and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.
Write 200-250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an opening statement on the subject of the project work;
— select and report 2-3 facts;
— make 1-2 comparisons where relevant;
— outline a problem that can arise with choosing a future career and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving your opinion on how to make a decision about your career.
Раздел 5. Говорение
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
With final exams coming up, we could all use an extra boost while studying. Your brain is one of the most critical organs of your body, not to mention it is actually still developing throughout your teenage years! It is essential to choose the best foods for your brain to improve your focus and memory. Without nutritious foods, your brain’s ability to learn new skills and tasks can decrease. Protein is important for growth and maintenance of the body. Depending on your age and size, teens usually need between 40-60 grams of protein each day. Fruits and vegetables are essential for memory. They are nutrient packed foods that can help protect against memory loss later in life. Now that you know these great tips for improving brain health, get started on fueling your brain by eating these real nutritious foods! The school year is almost over, push through and finish strong!
Study the advertisement.
You are considering eating at Castle Terrace Restaurant and now you are calling to find out more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask direct questions to find out the following:
You have 20 seconds to ask each questions.
1. What are national cooking techniques at your Castle Terrace Restaurant?
2. What are the opening hours?
3. Does your Restaurant provide special offers?
4. What is the price of three course set for lunch?
You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2−3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.
Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss films. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.
Interviewer: How often do you watch films in your spare time?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: Do you prefer to go to the cinema or stay home?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: What is your favourite genre of films?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: Do you usually watch films with friends or alone?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: What film changed you in some way and how did it do it?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.
1. In my spare time I usually watch films 3 times in a week. It relaxes me. And I like watching smart and interesting movies.
2. I prefer going to the cinema, because there is a big screen and comfortable chairs there. Also I can buy popcorn and it's a different pleasure atmosphere.
3. My favourite genre of films is fantasy. I like to get to know something unusual about non-existent worlds in the films. It amazes me.
4. I usually watch films alone. I watch movies in my free time, that is why I prefer to be alone. It is more comfortable for me.
5. No one film changed my in some way, because I like fantasy and I am interested in just a plot or a store of a film.
Imagine that you are doing a project "The art of tackling problems" together with your friend. You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to tell the friend about the photos:
You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2–3 sentences for every item of the plan, 12–15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously
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