Вариант 8
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите четыре коротких диалога, обозначенных A, B, C и D. Определите, где происходит каждый из диалогов. Используйте каждое место действия из списка 1-5 только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее место действия. Вы услышите запись дважды. У вас есть 20 секунд, чтобы ознакомиться с заданием.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
1. At the airport
2. At the bank
3. At school
4. In the library
5. On the road
Вы услышите пять высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А-E и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-6. Используйте каждое утверждение из списка 1-6 только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. У вас есть 30 секунд, чтоб ознакомиться с заданием.
Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись
1. Americans are proud of their history.
2. Americans feel very independent from other people.
3. Americans look to the future rather than to the past.
4. Americans don't think it’s impolite to show their feeling.
5. Americans don’t care very much about dress code.
6. Americans think each person needs his own space.
Whitney Housten began singing at the age of
1. eight
2. eleven
3. eighteen
Working as a fashion model W. Housten sang
1. in a local church
2. in nightclubs
3. in the street
When her first album come out, critics
1. didn't even notice it
2. gave negative comments
3. praised it unanimously
Besides her career as a singer and actress, W. Houston dealt with
1. charity
2. restaurant business
3. sport
W. Houston's debut as an actress happend in
1. 1985
2. 1989
3. 1992
W. Houston started to have problems with her voice because of
1. drugs
2. age
3. AIDs
Раздел 2. Чтение
1. Ecological system
2. Mountains formation
3. Geology
4. Social significance
5. Climate
6. Definition of the term
7. Fold mountains
8. Volcanoes
A. A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill. Mountains are formed through tectonic forces or volcanism. These forces can locally raise the surface of the earth. Mountains erode slowly through the action of rivers, weather conditions, and glaciers.
B. There are three main types of mountains: volcanic, fold, and block. All three types are formed from plate tectonics: when portions of the Earth’s crust move, crumple, and dive. Surface rock is forced upward, creating a landform higher than the surrounding features. The height of the feature makes it either a hill or, if higher and steeper, a mountain.
C. When the magma reaches the surface, it often builds a volcanic mountain, such as a shield volcano or a stratovolcano. Examples of volcanoes include Mount Fuji in Japan and Mount Pi- natubo in the Philippines. The magma does not have to reach the surface in order to create a mountain: magma that solidifies below ground can still form dome mountains, such as Navajo Mountain in the United States.
D. The whole process causes the surface of mountains to be younger than the rocks that form the mountains themselves. Glacial processes produce characteristic landforms, such as pyramidal peaks, knife-edge aretes, and bowl-shaped cirques that can contain lakes. Plateau mountains, such as the Catskills, are formed because of the chanches of an uplifted plateau.
E. The weather in mountains becomes colder at high elevations, due to the way that the sun heats the surface of the Earth. The sun warms the ground directly, while the greenhouse effect acts as a blanket, reflecting heat back towards the Earth that would otherwise be lost to space. The greenhouse effect thus keeps the air at low elevations warm.
F. The colder climate on mountains affects the plants and animals residing on mountains. A particular set of plants and animals tend to be adapted to a relatively narrow range of climate. Some plants and animals found in altitudinal zones tend to become isolated since the conditions above and below a particular zone will be inhospitable and thus constrain their movements or dispersal.
G. Mountaineering, mountain climbing, or alpinism is the sport, hobby or profession of hiking, skiing, and climbing mountains. While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three areas: rock-craft, snow-craft and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.
Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 10–17 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). В поле ответа запишите одну цифру, которая соответствует номеру правильного ответа.
Petergof or Peterhof, known as Petrodvorets, from 1944 to 1997, is a municipal town in Petrodvortsovy District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, located on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland.
In the time of Peter the Great, the sea floor just north of the Petergof site and to the east toward St. Petersburg was too shallow for either commercial ships or warships. However, to the west of Petergof, the sea floor dropped off to be deep enough for sea vessels. Accordingly, when Peter the Great decided to build St. Petersburg at the eastern end of the Gulf of Finland, he First captured the Kotlin Island clearly visible from the Petergof site just to the northeast in the middle of the Gulf. At Kotlin Island he would build the commercial harbor for St. Petersburg as well as the Kronshtadt fortifications across the 20 kilometers of shallow sea to save provision and defend the Navy that he would build.
Peter the Great first mentions the Petergof site in his journal in 1705, during the Great Northern War, as a good place to construct a landing appropriate for traveling to and from the island fortress of Kronshtadt. In 1714, Peter began construction of the Monplaisir Palace. The construction based on his own sketches of the palace that he wanted to have close to the shoreline. This was Peter’s Summer Palace that he would use on his way coming and going from Europe through the harbor at Kronshtadt.
On the walls of this seacoast palace hundreds of paintings that Peter brought from Europe hung. In the seaward comer of his Monplaisir Palace, Peter made his Maritime Study from which he could see Kronshtadt Island to the left and St. Petersburg to the right. Later, he expanded his plans to include a vaster royal chateau of palaces and gardens into the further inland, according to the model of Versailles. Each of the Tsars after Peter expanded the inland palaces and gardens of Peterhof, but the major contributions by Peter the Great were completed by 1725. Peter had also entertained plans of a similar palace at Strelna, a short way to the east, but these plans were abandoned.
Peterhof originally appeared quite differently than it does today. Many of the fountains had not yet been installed. The entire Alexandrine Park and Upper Gardens did not exist — the latter was used to grow vegetables, and its ponds, then numbering only three, were used for growing fish. The Samson Fountain and its massive pedestal had not yet been installed in the Sea Channel, and the channel itself was used as a grand marine entrance into the complex.
The Grand Palace was originally called simply 'Upper', and was hardly larger than any of the other structures of the complex. The addition of wings, undertaken between 1745 and 1755, was one of the many projects commissioned from the Italian architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli by Queen Elizabeth of Russia. The reconstruction of Peterhofs original fountains and the addition of new ones continued well into the 19th century.Peterhof, like Tsarskoye Selo, was captured by German troops in 1941 and held until 1944. In the few months that elapsed between the outbreak of war in the west and the appearance of the German Army, employees were only able to save a portion of the treasures of the palaces and fountains. An attempt was made to dismantle and bury the fountain sculptures, but three-quarters, including all of the largest ones, remained in place. The occupying forces of the German Army largely destroyed the palace grounds. Many of the fountains were destroyed, and the palace was partially exploded and left to burn. Restoration work began almost immediately after the end of the war and continues to this day. It progressed remarkably quickly, and is still being carried out.
In the time of Peter the Great, the sea floor was suitable for trade.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
Monplaisir Palace was worked out by Peter himself.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
The main aim of Peter the Great was to hide Monplaisir Palace from invaders.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
Peter the Great broadened Monplaisir Palace according to the model of the Chateau de Versailles.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
The building of palace at Strelna was completely finished in 1725.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
At first, Alexandrine Park was used to grow vegetables.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
The Grand Palace was originally called simply 'Upper' by Queen Elizabeth of Russia.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
During World War 11 the palace looked completely different than nowadays.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT STATED
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 18–26, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 18–26.
STAYOne evening several tourists who ______ at a hotel in Manchester were having dinner in the hotel restaurant.
BRING Fish ______ and while they were eating it, some of them told interesting stories about finding rings and other things inside fish.
SPEAK An old man who had only listened to their stories and never ______ a word, suddenly said that he would like to tell them an interesting story, too.
GO And this is what he told them: "When I was a young man, I lived in New York and ______ to marry a beautiful young girl whose name was Alice.
WE About two months before _______ marriage
SEND I ______ to England for a fortnight. I went to say good bye to Alice and gave her a ring.
WAITShe gave me hers and said that she ______ for me
PLAN But I had to stay in England six months, and not a fortnight as I _____. Late in September my work was done at last and I was able to leave for New York.
THINK Next morning, when 1 was aboard the steamer, I was looking through the morning newspaper, and what ______ you ______ I saw? Alice was going to marry another man! I was so angry that I threw her ring into the sea.
I was having dinner at a restaurant in New York a few days later, and while I was eating the fish, I bit on something hard. What do you think it was?" "The ring!", all the listeners cried out at once. "No," said the old man sadly, "it was a fish-bone".
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 27–32, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию 27–32.
THEY Brenda and Terry are going out for the evening. The last thing they do is put ______ cat out.
SCOOTER The taxi arrives, and as the couple walk out of the house, the cat _______ back in.
SIDE Terry returns ______ to chase it out.
EMPTINESS Brenda, not wanting it known that the house would be ______, explains to the taxi driver,
STAIR 'My husband is just going ______ to say goodbye to my mother.' Several minutes later, an exhausted Terry arrives and climbs back into the taxi saying, 'Sorry it took so long,
HANGthe stupid idiot was hiding under the bed and I had to poke her with a coat ______ several times before I could get her to come out!'
Раздел 4. Письмо
Для ответа на задание 33 используйте отдельный лист. При выполнении задания 33 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным на отдельном чистом листе. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма письма. Письма недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста письма, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются.
You have 30 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend, Ben.
...Jam very busy now preparing for my exams but yesterday I went to the new bookstore with my friends. It’s absolutely wonderful! You can find every book you want there. I bought some entertaining books as well as plenty of useful stufffor my exams preparation. ... What kinds of books do you prefer? Have you begun preparing for your exams yet? What books do you need to improve your English skills?..
Write her a letter and answer her 3 questions.
Write 100—120 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 5. Говорение
You are going to read the text aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.
In the past, most artists learned to paint by attending an art school or academy. The most popular style of painting was Classicism. Classical artists painted their works carefully and smoothly inside a studio. Their paintings often showed stories from mythology.
In the late 19th century, there was a group of artists who created a new style of painting, which was called Impressionism. Impressionist paintings showed life-like subjects painted in a rapid style, with brushstrokes that were easily seen and colours that were often bright. Impressionist painters mostly worked in oil paint on canvas. They would often make small quick paintings outdoors, and then finish them in the studio.
Nowadays, Impressionism remains the most attractive period in the history of modem art and the most appreciated one by the public. Series of exhibitions and record sales give evidence of today’s extraordinary popularity of Impressionist painters.
You are going to take part in a telephone survey. You have to answer six questions. Give full answers to the questions. Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.
Electronic assistant: Hello! This is the electronic assistant of the Stay Up-to-Date service. We are a new media centre and our aim is to help teenagers stay up-to-date with the news. Please answer six questions. The survey is anonymous, so you don’t have to give your name. Let’s start.
Electronic assistant: Is it important for you to stay up-to-date with the latest news? Why?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) Sure, for me being aware of the latest news is of utmost importance because if you don't stay up to date with all news you can miss some interesting events or vital information.
Electronic assistant: What sort of information can you get from newspapers and magazines?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) You can get a bunch of necessary information from newspapers and magazines. Thanks to mass media, you can get information about sports events, fashion trends, rumors among celebreties, technological breakthrows, sales andspecial offers in local shops.
Electronic assistant: Do you listen to the radio? Why/why not?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) I am not a big fan of listening to the radio. Because I believe it's an obsolete way of getting information. However, from time to time espeacially when i am in the car I prefer to listening to it.
Electronic assistant: How often do you watch news programmes on TV?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) I don't watch TV because it's a pure waste of time. Thanks the Internet you can get information about latest news as well as to watch films.
Electronic assistant: How can travelling help people to get information about the world?
Student: (pause 40 seconds) When you have trips abroad you visit museums and art galleries and thus get to know about culture and history of this or that country. What's more, you meet local people who can tell you some pecularities of their life so that you can compare all these facts with life in your own country.
Electronic assistant: What do you think is the best way of learning the latest news? Explain why.
Student: (pause 40 seconds)Nowadays It's difficult to imagine something more powerful than Internet. So I am sure it's the fastest and the most convinient way of getting and sharing news .
Electronic assistant: This is the end of the survey. Thank you very much for your time.
You are going to give a talk about space exploration. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
• when and how the history of space exploration began
• what famous cosmonaut/astronaut you are admire, why
• whether space exploration is important for humanity, why/ why not
You have to talk continuously.
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